The Cytoprotective and Cytotoxic Functions of Autophagy in Response to mTOR Inhibitors

被引:3
|
作者
Elshazly, Ahmed M. [1 ]
Elzahed, Aya A. [2 ]
Gewirtz, David A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Massey Canc Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
[2] Kafrelsheikh Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
来源
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK | 2024年 / 29卷 / 06期
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
autophagy; cytoprotective; cytotoxic; rapamycin; everolimus; temsirolimus; mTOR; P70; S6; KINASE; CANCER CELLS; EVEROLIMUS RAD001; ARSENIC TRIOXIDE; BINDING PARTNER; RAPAMYCIN; TEMSIROLIMUS; CHLOROQUINE; RAPTOR; COMBINATION;
D O I
10.31083/j.fbl2906231
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The inhibitors of mammalian target of rapapmycin (mTOR), everolimus, temsirolimus and rapamycin, have a wide range of clinical utility; however, as is inevitably the case with other chemotherapeutic agents, resistance development constrains their effectiveness. One putative mechanism of resistance is the promotion of autophagy, which is a direct consequence of the inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway. Autophagy is primarily considered to be a cytoprotective survival mechanism, whereby cytoplasmic components are recycled to generate energy and metabolic intermediates. The autophagy induced by everolimus and temsirolimus appears to play a largely protective function, whereas a cytotoxic function appears to predominate in the case of rapamycin. In this review we provide an overview of the autophagy induced in response to mTOR inhibitors in different tumor models in an effort to determine whether autophagy targeting could be of clinical utility as adjuvant therapy in association with mTOR inhibition.
引用
收藏
页码:11 / 13
页数:3
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