Using Probiotics in Infants with Cow's Milk Allergy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: One of the most common food allergies in infants is cow's milk allergy (CMA). There is no available effective therapeutic strategy for this issue. It's important to develop effective approaches to reduce the risk of cow's milk allergy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotics on the infants with cow's milk protein intolerance. Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial in full-term infants with CMA diagnosis. These patients were divided into case and control groups (receiving placebo and probiotics). Clinical symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, etc. were evaluated in 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after receiving probiotics. Results: During the 16 weeks of the study, a significant decrease was observed in the clinical and paraclinical findings in both groups. There was a statistically significant decrease in times of mucosal, bloody and daily defecation of the patients on the 4th, 8th and 12th weeks. Also, a significant difference was found between the groups in diarrhea and abdominal cramps from the 4th week. Conclusion: The consumption of probiotics for a short time in infants with CMA significantly decreased the clinical and paraclinical symptoms.