A comprehensive review of atomically thin silicates and their applications

Silicate is one of the most abundant minerals on Earth's crust and a sustainable source of two-dimensional (2D) complex oxides. In this review, we discuss the research progress of layered and non-layered 2D silicates, their comparison with conventional 2D materials, and a brief discussion on 2D silicate applications. The review begins with thoroughly examining synthesis strategies, emphasizing the various methods used to create layered and non-layered 2D silicates. The discussions then address the distinctive features of these materials, emphasizing their physicochemical characteristics. Furthermore, the review outlines recent breakthroughs in utilizing 2D silicates in electrical and memory devices, energy harvesting, energy storage, sensors, optoelectronics, water treatment, wound healing, cancer theranostics, bacterial ablation, fire retardancy, etc. By summarizing the most recent research findings in the field of 2D silicates and providing an overview of silicate evolution, this review intends to present a comprehensive resource for researchers interested in the diverse and fascinating area of 2D silicates.