Design and analysis of a compact millimeter-wave pentaband antenna for 5G FR-2 band wireless technologies

This paper examines a short-range Millimeter-wave antenna characterized by its compact design, coplanar waveguide feeding, and folded dipole shape, that operates across multiple frequency spectrums. The radiator is designed on a Rogers TMM4 material having the dimensions of 1.05AL x 1.05AL x 0.057AL (AL: wavelength associated with the bottommost cut-off frequency). Adoption of a folded shape serves to augment the electrical dimension of the antenna by expanding the current-carrying path, thereby facilitating the attainment of the necessary frequency spectrums. The proposed antenna operates at 22.44-23.77 GHz (5.75 %), 26.68-30.35 GHz (12.87 %), 38.1-43.46 GHz (13.14 %), 49.13-54.48 GHz (10.33 %) and 57.63-67.85 GHz (16.29 %) spectrums with maximum gain and radiation efficiency of 8dBi and 94.5 % respectively. The work further delves into an indepth analysis of antenna characteristics, encompassing aspects such as radiation pattern, surface current, group delay, and transfer function. All examined characteristics affirm that the proposed antenna exhibits versatility for diverse frequency bands, including but not limited to n257, n259, n260, n261, and various other 5G/beyond 5G wireless technologies.