Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, and α-amylase inhibitors from Hippeastrum hybridum extract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Hippeastrum hybridum (HH) as a free radical scavenger, and an inhibitor of the two enzymes i-e Alpha -amylase (alpha amylase) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). METHODS: In this study, HH plant was preliminary analyzed for phytochemical screening and then tested for its antioxidant, anti-alpha-amylase, and anti-AChE efficiency via standard procedures. RESULTS: Phytochemical analysis shows the existence of different compounds; while Coumarins and quinones were absent. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannins content were found to be (78.52 +/- 0.69) mg GAE/g, (2.01 +/- 0.04) mg RUE/g, and (58.12 +/- 0.23) mg TAE/g of plant extract respectively. 28.02% +/- 0.02% alkaloid and 2.02% +/- 0.05% saponins were present in the HH extract. The HH extract showed the anti -oxidant property with IC50 (50% inhibition) of (151.01 +/- 0.13) (HH), (79.01 +/- 0.04) (Ascorbic acid) for ferric reducing, (91.48 +/- 0.13) (HH), (48.02 +/- 0.11) (Ascorbic acid) against Ammonium molybdenum, (156.02 +/- 0.31) (HH), (52.38 +/- 0.21) (Ascorbic acid) against DPPH, 136.01 +/- 0.21 (HH), 52.02 +/- 0.31 (Ascorbic acid) against H2O2, and 154.12 +/- 0.03 (HH), (40.05 +/- 0.15) (Ascorbic acid) mu g/mL against ABTS respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that HH caused a competitive type of inhibition of alpha-amylase (Vmax remained constant and Km increases from 10.65 to 84.37%) while Glucophage caused the un-competitive type of inhibition i-e both Km and Vmax decreased from 40.49 to 69.15% and 38.86 to 69.61% respectively. The Ki, (inhibition constant); KI, (dissociation constant), Km, (Michaelis-Menten constant), and IC50 were found to be 62, 364, 68.1, and 38.08 +/- 0.22 for HH and 12, 101.05, 195, 34.01 +/- 0.21 for Glucophage. Similarly, HH causes an anon -competitive type of inhibition of AChE i-e Km remains constant while Vmax decreases from 60.5% to 74.1%. The calculated Ki, KI, Km, and IC50 were found to be 32, 36.2, 0.05, and 18.117 +/- 0.018. CONCLUSION: From the current results, it is concluded that HH extract contains bioactive compounds, and could be a good alternative to controlling oxidants, Alzheimer's and Type -II diabetic diseases. (c) 2024 JTCM. All rights reserved.