Recent Developments on Novel 2D Materials for Emerging Neuromorphic Computing Devices

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligent and information technology has led to a critical need for extremely low power consumption and excellent efficiency. The capacity of neuromorphic computing to handle large amounts of data with low power consumption has garnered a lot of interest during the last few decades. For neuromorphic applications, 2D layered semiconductor materials have shown a pivotal role due to their distinctive properties. This comprehensive review provides an extensive study of the recent advancements in 2D materials-based neuromorphic devices especially in multiterminal synaptic devices, two-terminal synaptic devices, neuronal devices, and the integration of synaptic and neuronal devices. Herein, a wide range of potential applications of memory, computation, adaptation, and artificial intelligence is incorporated. Finally, the limitations and challenges of neuromorphic devices based on novel 2D materials are discussed. Thus, this review aims to illuminate the design and fabrication of neuromorphic devices based on van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure materials, leveraging promising engineering techniques to excel the applications and potential of neuromorphic computing for hardware implementations. Meticulous arguments are prevailed to highlight the significance of 2D materials in two-, three-, and multiterminal neuromorphic devices. This embarks the architecture of neuromorphic devices to excel the potential of neuromorphic system in real-world applications. In addition, ethical and privacy concerns associated with artificial intelligence are proposed as necessary considerations to regulate the advancements in neuromorphic computing.image (c) 2024 WILEY-VCH GmbH