A Ni-doped coral-like three-dimensional Mo2C nanorod for sensitive electrochemical monitoring of environmentally polluting nitrobenzene

This paper reports the synthesis of a Ni-doped coral -like three-dimensional Mo 2 C nanorod via the pyrolysis of polypyrrole (PPy)-loaded NiMoO 4 & sdot;xH 2 O nanorods for nitrobenzene (NB) detection. The incorporation of Ni species into Mo 2 C enhances dual -atom synergistic catalysis, while the inclusion of PPy as a preferred carbon source improves the composite's active area. The coral -like three-dimensional rod structure not only provides various types of sites for adsorbing reactants but also offers more channels for ion migration and electron transfer, promoting charge transfer and further enhancing its electrical conductivity. The resulting composite demonstrates a wide linear detection range (2.11-1053.61 mu M), high sensitivity, low limit of detection (0.64 mu M, S/N = 3), and excellent stability and anti -interference performance in NB detection. This novel composite preparation approach offers promising prospects for practical NB detection applications.