Zoledronic Acid and Enriched Autologous Bone Marrow Stem Cell Implantation for Femoral Head Osteonecrosis

Purpose This study evaluated the clinical results of zoledronic acid in the treatment of early osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Materials and Methods Study retrospectively analyzed 60 patients with zoledronic acid with bone marrow stem cell (BMSC) implantation (The study group) and 64 patients with BMSC implantation (The control group). The primary evaluation index included VAS, HHS, collapsed rate, and total hip replacement arthroplasty (THA) conversion rate. Results The study group had a lower VAS (1.12 +/- 0.22 vs 1.44 +/- 0.32) and higher HHS (75.07 +/- 3.66 vs 68.78 +/- 2.24) compared to the control group in 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05). In the study group, 12 hips (20%) collapsed, and 7 of 60 hips (11.67%) required THA surgery at the last follow-up. However, 25 hips (38.8%) collapsed in the control group, and 19 hips (29.69%) required THA surgery. The study group had a lower collapsed rate (P = 0.029) and THA conversion rate (P = 0.016) in survival analysis. Conclusion Zoledronic acid and BMSC implantation in the treatment of early ONFH is safe and effective, reduces pain shortens recovery time, and reduces collapsed rate and THA conversion rate in ONFH patients.