Clinical efficacy analysis of tip-flexible suctioning ureteral access sheath combined with disposable flexible ureteroscope to treat 2-4 cm renal stones

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of using a tip-flexible suctioning ureteral access sheath (TFS-UAS) in combination with a traditional ureteral access sheath (T-UAS) and a disposable flexible ureteroscope (DFU) for treating large renal stones (2-4 cm in diameter). Methods We retrospectively collected clinical data from 238 patients who underwent retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) at Ganzhou People's Hospital between January 2019 and October 2023. The study included 238 patients who met the inclusion criteria, with 125 in the observation group using TFS-UAS and 113 in the control group using T-UAS. We compared differences in the stone-free rate (SFR), complication rates, surgery duration, and average hospital stay between the two groups. Results All 238 surgeries were successfully completed. The stone-free rates for the observation group at the first and thirtieth day post-surgery were 87.20% and 95.20%, respectively, whereas for the control group, the rates were 73.45% and 85.84%, showing statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The overall complication rates were 1.6% for the observation group and 14.16% for the control group, also statistically significant (P < 0.001). The surgical times for stone removal were (101.17 +/- 25.64) minutes for the observation group and (86.23 +/- 20.35) minutes for the control group, with significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion Compared to T-UAS, combining TFS-UAS with DFU for treating renal stones of 2-4 cm diameter, although more time-consuming, resulted in higher SFRs and improved safety.