Performance optimization of the nano-scale carry-skip adder based on quantum dots and its application in the upcoming Internet of Things

被引：0

作者：

Al-Khafaji H.M.R. ^{[1
]}

Kalajahi A.T. ^{[2
,3
]}

Darbandi M. ^{[4
]}

Ghasemi A. ^{[5
]}

Mohammed A.H. ^{[6
]}

Cifci M.A. ^{[7
]}

机构：

[1] Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babil, Hillah

[2] Department of Photonics, Tabriz University, Tabriz

[3] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz

[4] Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Eastern Mediterranean University, via Mersin 10, Gazimagusa

[5] Department of Computer Engineering, Bozorgmehr University of Qaenat

[6] Department of Communication and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region

[7] Department of Computer Engineering, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir

来源：

Optik | 2023年 / 287卷

关键词：

Carry-skip adder; IoT device; Nanotechnology; QCADesigner; Quantum-dot;

D O I：

10.1016/j.ijleo.2023.170976

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of linked computers, electronic and mechanical equipment, objects, living things, and people that can exchange data without human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. Real objects with sensors, computing power, software, and other technologies are called IoT when they connect to and exchange data with other systems and devices over the Internet or other communication networks. On the other hand, Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a highly appealing alternative to transistor-based technologies for future circuit design, thanks to its excellent performance and low power consumption characteristics. Therefore, researchers are trying to implement IoT-related circuits in this technology and take advantage of it. In IoT nodes, the circuits were previously designed based on transistors and used extensively are adder circuits and their various forms, such as carry-look-ahead adder, ripple carry adder, and Carry-Skip Adder (CSA). The proposed CSA is part of the bypass adder family, and its major goal in IoT devices is to reduce latency and power consumption. Designing CSA is a fascinating area of research in the QCA and IoT domains. In this research, we will offer nano-scale CSA designs based on logic gate structures. This CSA aids in improving system performance in terms of average power dissipation, area, and delay. This design has performed admirably in terms of physical qualities, particularly power usage. As a result, an ultra-low-power CSA is proposed, which employs a reduced number of cells and a smaller area while achieving the desired highly polarized output. All the circuits provided in the simulator software have been tested, and their correctness has been confirmed. 36 quantum cells were employed, and the adder's area with propagating signal is around 0.04 µm2. The latency is about 2 clock phases. Additionally, the CSA for IoT devices is roughly 0.4 µm2, which results in a delay of 17 clock phases and the need for 374 quantum cells. The suggested CSA reduces cell consumption by 64 %, improves latency by 15 %, and increases area by 85 %. Compared to a carry-look-ahead adder, the CSA is the only way to reduce the latency of a ripple carry adder with low effort. © 2023 Elsevier GmbH

引用

共 36 条

[1]

Ahmadpour S.-S., Et al., An efficient and energy-aware design of a novel nano-scale reversible adder using a quantum-based platform, Nano Commun. Netw., 34, (2022)

[2]

Allen P.E., Holberg D.R., CMOS Analog Circuit Design, (2011)

[3]

Lv Z., Cheng C., Song H., Digital Twins Based on Quantum Networking, IEEE Network, 36, 5, pp. 88-93, (2022)

[4]

Hassangholizadeh-Kashtiban M., Sabbaghi-Nadooshan R., Alipour-Banaei H., A novel all optical reversible 4× 2 encoder based on photonic crystals, Optik, 126, 20, pp. 2368-2372, (2015)

[5]

Seyedi S., Navimipour N.J., An efficient structure for designing a nano-scale fault-tolerant 2: 1 multiplexer based on quantum-dot cellular automata, Optik, 251, (2022)

[6]

Shi M., Et al., Synergistically coupling of graphene quantum dots with Zn-intercalated MnO2 cathode for high-performance aqueous Zn-ion batteries, Int. J. Miner., Metall. Mater., 30, 1, pp. 25-32, (2023)

[7]

Seyedi S., Jafari Navimipour N., Designing a multi‐layer full‐adder using a new three‐input majority gate based on quantum computing, Concurr. Comput.: Pract. Exp., 34, 4, (2022)

[8]

Seyedi S., Jafari Navimipour N., Otsuki A., A new nano-scale and energy-optimized reversible digital circuit based on quantum technology, Electronics, 11, 23, (2022)

[9]

Abbasizadeh A., Mosleh M., Ahmadpour S.-S., An optimized arithmetic logic unit in quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) technology, Optik, 262, (2022)

[10]

Safaiezadeh B., Et al., Design and simulation of QCA-based 3-bit binary to gray and vice versa code converter in reversible and non-reversible mode, Optik, 251, (2022)

← 1 2 3 4 →