Managing and treating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in membrane concentrates

被引：55

作者：

Tow, Emily W. ^{[1
]}

Ersan, Mahmut Selim ^{[2
]}

Kum, Soyoon ^{[3
]}

Lee, Tae ^{[4
]}

Speth, Thomas F. ^{[4
]}

Owen, Christine ^{[5
]}

Bellona, Christopher ^{[6
]}

Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. ^{[4
]}

Mikelonis, Anne M. ^{[7
]}

Westerhoff, Paul ^{[2
]}

Mysore, Chandra ^{[8
]}

Frenkel, Val S. ^{[9
]}

Desilva, Viraj ^{[10
]}

Walker, W. Shane ^{[11
]}

Safulko, Andrew K. ^{[6
]}

Ladner, David A. ^{[12
]}

机构：

[1] FW Olin Coll Engn, Needham, MA USA

[2] Arizona State Univ, Nanosyst Engn Res Ctr Nanotechnol Enabled Water Tr, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ USA

[3] Angelo State Univ, David L Hirschfeld Dept Engn, San Angelo, TX USA

[4] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ctr Environm Solut & Emergency Response, Cincinnati, OH USA

[5] Hazen & Sawyer, Clearwater, FL USA

[6] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO USA

[7] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ctr Environm Solut & Emergency Response, Durham, NC USA

[8] Jacobs, Atlanta, GA USA

[9] Greeley & Hansen Engineers, San Francisco, CA USA

[10] Freese & Nichols Inc, Tampa, FL USA

[11] Univ Texas El Paso, Ctr Inland Desalinat Syst CIDS, Nanosyst Engn Res Ctr Nanotechnol Enabled Water Tr, Dept Civil Engn, El Paso, TX USA

[12] Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA

来源：

AWWA WATER SCIENCE | 2021年 / 3卷 / 05期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

brine management; concentrate management; membranes; per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances; water treatment; DRINKING-WATER TREATMENT; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE PFOS; PERFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES; REVERSE-OSMOSIS; WASTE-WATER; SONOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION; REDUCTIVE DEFLUORINATION; NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANE; PHOTOCATALYTIC DECOMPOSITION; HYDRATED ELECTRONS;

D O I：

10.1002/aws2.1233

中图分类号：

TV21 [水资源调查与水利规划];

学科分类号：

081501 ;

摘要：

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are present in many waters, have detrimental impacts on human health and the environment. Reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) have shown excellent PFAS separation performance in water treatment; however, these membrane systems do not destroy PFAS but produce concentrated residual streams that need to be managed. Complete destruction of PFAS in RO and NF concentrate streams is ideal, but long-term sequestration strategies are also employed. Because no single technology is adequate for all situations, a range of processes are reviewed here that hold promise as components of treatment schemes for PFAS-laden membrane system concentrates. Attention is also given to relevant concentration processes because it is beneficial to reduce concentrate volume prior to PFAS destruction or sequestration. Given the costs and challenges of managing PFAS in membrane concentrates, it is critical to evaluate both established and emerging technologies in selecting processes for immediate use and continued research.Article Impact StatementReaders will benefit from learning about established and emerging management approaches for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and the peculiarities of their application to reverse osmosis and nanofiltration concentrates.

引用

页数：23