Surgical resection of colorectal cancer When to use a laparoscopic, robot-assisted or conventional approach?

Background: The surgical management of colorectal cancer has evolved with the introduction of minimal invasive techniques (MIT) and robot-assisted procedures. We examine the indications and advantages of these techniques compared to conventional open surgery. Objective: To review the current evidence to provide informed guidance for the selection between minimally invasive, robot-assisted, and conventional surgical approaches. Materials and methods: Investigative literature search to identify relevant studies, meta-analyses and guidelines. Results: MIT and robotics offer advantages in terms of postoperative morbidity and recovery, while conventional procedures are indispensable in certain cases. Concerning oncological outcomes, no procedure was identified as superior. Conclusion: The individual decision for the optimal surgical technique should be made considering tumor and patient characteristics, surgical expertise, and patient preferences.