The Hypoglycaemic Mechanism of Camel Placenta Powder on Streptozotocin Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats

The objective of this study was to explore the effects of camel placenta powder on associated symptoms, signs and indicators in type 2 diabetic rats. For this study sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal group, model group, metformin group, and low-, medium- and high-dose camel placenta groups. A high-fat and high-sugar feed combined with intraperitoneal injection of STZ dissolved in a citric acid-sodium citrate buffer was used to establish a rat model of hyperglycaemia. Metformin hydrochloride tablets were used as a positive control to detect fasting blood glucose. The contents of glycated haemoglobin (HbALc), insulin (INS) and glucose (GLUC3) as well as the protein expression and mRNA levels of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) were used to study the mechanism of the hypoglycaemic effect of CPP on diabetic rats. We found that camel placenta produced no meaningful changes in the weight of hyperglycaemic rats or the weight of the liver, kidney, or pancreas. After STZ modelling, the blood glucose levels of rats noticeably increased. However, the blood glucose values of rats decreased substantially due to camel placenta treatment from the 4th to the 6th week. Camel placenta dramatically reduced the serum HbALc and GLUC3 content in hyperglycaemic rats. Dry CPP had a down-regulating effect on the levels of SGLT2 and GLUT2 protein, SGLT2 mRNA and GLUT2 mRNA in the kidneys of hyperglycaemic rats. However, there was no meaningful difference between the metformin group and the high- and medium-dose camel placenta groups. To conclude camel placenta has a notable hypoglycaemic effect on diabetic rats induced by STZ with a high-fat and high-sugar feed.