Three component coupled fractional nonlinear Schrodinger equations: Diversity of exact optical solitonic structures

Multicomponent-coupled nonlinear Schrodinger-type equations are significant mathematical models that have their origins in numerous disciplines such as the nonlinear optics, theory of deep water waves, plasma physics, and fluid dynamics, and many others. This work is mainly concerned to the study of fractional optical soliton solutions of the truncated fractional three component coupled nonlinear Schrodinger-type system. The study of soliton theory plays a crucial role in the telecommunication industry by the utilization of nonlinear optics. The principal area of research in the field of optical solitons revolves around optical fibers, meta-materials, metasurfaces, magneto-optic waveguides, and other related technologies. Therefore, the observation of these solitons attained significant attention from scholars in recent years. Optical solitons refer to electromagnetic waves that are confined within nonlinear dispersive medium, wherein the balance between dispersion and nonlinearity effects enables the intensity to remain constant. The two recently integration tools, refereed as modified Sardar subequation method and new Kudryashov approach, are under consideration to explore the governing system. In order to solve the system, first a fractional transformation is applied that offers the ordinary differential equation. Then by the assistance of homogeneous balance principle, the suggested methods are applied. We obtain the solutions in different types including mixed, dark, singular, bright-dark, bright, complex and combined solitons. Moreover, the hyperbolic, periodic and exponential function solutions are also extracted. In addition, the effect of fractional parameter has been observed by sketching the different plots. All the obtained solutions in thisTS: Please remove abstract heading study are verified by substitution back into the original equation through the software package Mathematica. The findings demonstrate the efficacy, efficiency and applicability of the computational methods employed. We anticipate that our work will be helpful for a large number of engineering models and other related problems.