Expression and potential molecular mechanism of TOP2A in metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer

DNA topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) expression, gene alterations, and enzyme activity have been studied in various malignant tumors. Abnormal elevation of TOP2A expression is considered to be related to the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its association with tumor metastasis and its mode of action remains unclear. Bioinformatics, real-time quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting were used to detect TOP2A expression in NSCLC tissues and cells. Cell migration and invasion assays as well as cytoskeletal staining were performed to analyze the effects of TOP2A on the motility, migration and invasion ability of NSCLC cells. Cell cycle and apoptosis assays were used to verify the effects of TOP2A on apoptosis as well as cycle distribution in NSCLC. TOP2A expression was considerably upregulated in NSCLC and significantly correlated with tumor metastasis and the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in NSCLC. Additionally, by interacting with the classical ligand Wnt3a, TOP2A may trigger the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in NSCLC. These observations suggest that TOP2A promotes EMT in NSCLC by activating the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and positively regulates malignant events in NSCLC, in addition to its significant association with tumor metastasis. TOP2A promotes the metastasis of NSCLC by stimulating the canonical Wnt signaling pathway and inducing EMT. This study further elucidates the mechanism of action of TOP2A, suggesting that it might be a potential therapeutic target for anti-metastatic therapy.