Streptomyces mahasarakhamensis sp. nov., an Endophytic Actinobacterium Isolated from Jasmine Rice and its Potential as plant Growth Promoter

Two endophytic actinobacteria, strains MK5(T) and MK7, were isolated from the surface-sterilized root of Jasmine rice (Oryza sativa KDML 105). These strains were aerobic actinobacteria with a well-developed substrate and aerial mycelia that formed spiral spore chains. The type strains that shared the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with both strains were Streptomyces naganishii NBRC 12892(T) (99.4%), "Streptomyces griseicoloratus" TRM S81-3(T) (99.2%), and Streptomyces spiralis NBRC 14215(T) (98.9%). Strains MK5(T) and MK7 are the same species sharing a digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) value of 95.3% and a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 100%. Chemotaxonomic data confirmed the affiliation of strains MK5(T) and MK7 to the genus Streptomyces. Strains MK5(T) and MK7 contained MK-9(H-4) as a major menaquinone; the whole-cell sugar of both strains was galactose and glucose. The strain MK5(T) shared 93.4% average nucleotide identity (ANI)-Blast, 95.5% ANI-MUMmer, 93% average amino acid identity, and 61.3% dDDH with S. spiralis NBRC 14215(T). The polyphasic approach confirmed that strain MK5(T) represents a novel species, and the name Streptomyces mahasarakhamensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MK5(T) (= TBRC 17754 = NRRL B-65683). Genome mining, using an in silico approach and searching biosynthesis gene clusters of strains MK5(T) and MK7, revealed that the genomes contained genes encoding proteins relating to plant growth promotion, bioactive compounds, and beneficial enzymes. Strains MK5(T) and MK7 could produce indole acetic acid and solubilize phosphate in vitro.