I See What You're Saying: A Literature Review of Eye Tracking Research in Communication of Deaf or Hard of Hearing Users

Deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH) individuals heavily rely on their visual senses to be aware about their environment, giving them heightened visual cognition and improved attention management strategies. Thus, the eyes have shown to play a significant role in these visual communication practices and, therefore, many various researches have adopted methodologies, specifically eye-tracking, to understand the gaze patterns and analyze the behavior of DHH individuals. In this paper, we provide a literature review from 55 papers and data analysis from eye-tracking studies concerning hearing impairment, attention management strategies, and their mode of communication such as Visual and Textual based communication. Through this survey, we summarize the findings and provide future research directions.