Impact of thermal conductivity of aerogel-enhanced insulation materials on building energy efficiency in environments with different temperatures and humidity levels

New building thermal insulation materials, such as aerogel-enhanced insulation materials, are constantly emerging. To study how cement -based aerogel-enhanced thermal insulation materials perform under temperature and humidity changes, various aerogel-enhanced hollow glass microsphere insulation boards (HGBs) have been developed as building thermal insulation materials. The thermal conductivity of aerogel-enhanced HGBs, expanded polystyrene (EPS), and foamed cement (FC) was measured at various relative humidity levels and temperatures, and the summer cooling load of buildings with aerogel-enhanced HGBs, EPS, or FC as the insulation layer was simulated for different building heights and thermal zones. The results show that (1) the new aerogel-enhanced HGB materials are more suitable for building insulation in humid and hot areas than FC; (2) the cooling load of small buildings with fewer floors is more sensitive to the variation in the thermal conductivity with temperature and humidity; (3) for buildings in areas with hot summers and warm winters, the impact of the outdoor relative humidity should be fully considered when calculating summer cooling loads.