Stabilizing nodal integration in dynamic smoothed particle finite element method: A simple and efficient algorithm

The Smoothed Particle Finite Element Method (SPFEM) is a powerful numerical tool for the modelling of large deformation problems in the field of geomechanics. However, the standard SPFEM with nodal integration suffers from the rank deficiency problem due to under -integration. In this study, an hourglass -control based stabilization scheme is presented to overcome the rank deficiency in standard SPFEM with nodal integration. By introducing the hourglass -control based correction forces, the spurious low -energy models in standard SPFEM with nodal integration can be effectively suppressed. The presented stabilization scheme is simple and computationally efficient compared to the existing strain gradient -based stabilization approaches in SPFEM. The proposed hourglass -control based stabilized SPFEM is firstly validated by means of three benchmark examples and the results show that the stabilization scheme based on the hourglass -control can eliminate the rank deficiency instability in standard SPFEM and free of volumetric locking. Finally, two numerical examples related to the cohesive soil flow and the progressive failure of sensitive clay slopes are studied to highlight the robustness of the proposed stabilized SPFEM in solving large deformation geotechnical problems.