Targeting glutamate metabolism in chronic lung diseases

Amino acids are necessary for all life forms, which play various roles. Disorder of amino acid metabolism is now considered an important driving mechanism in diverse pulmonary conditions, particularly chronic lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. Glutamate actively participates in multiple vital biological processes, while the intricate glutamate metabolism, glutamate receptors and glutamate transporters assume crucial regulatory functions in the development of chronic lung diseases. This review aims to discuss the relationship between glutamate dysfunction and chronic lung diseases. By discussing the physiological and pathological function of glutamate, we probe the potential drug targets for chronic lung diseases in the glutamate pathway. Amino acid metabolism is crucial in chronic lung diseases, impacting inflammation, tissue repair, regeneration, nutrition, and muscle function. Glutamate metabolism impacts chronic lung diseases development by regulating inflammation, oxidative stress and tissue repair processes. Intervening in glutamate metabolism or modulating glutamate levels through glutamate receptors and transporters can have therapeutic effects on chronic lung diseases. image