Exceptional atmospheric conditions in June 2023 generated a northwest European marine heatwave which contributed to breaking land temperature records

被引：21

作者：

Berthou, Segolene ^{[1
]}

Renshaw, Richard ^{[2
]}

Smyth, Tim ^{[3
,4
]}

Tinker, Jonathan ^{[1
]}

Grist, Jeremy P. ^{[5
]}

Wihsgott, Juliane Uta ^{[3
]}

Jones, Sam ^{[6
]}

Inall, Mark ^{[6
]}

Nolan, Glenn ^{[7
]}

Berx, Barbara ^{[8
]}

Arnold, Alex ^{[1
]}

Blunn, Lewis P. ^{[1
]}

Castillo, Juan Manuel ^{[1
]}

Cotterill, Daniel ^{[1
,9
]}

Daly, Eoghan ^{[7
]}

Dow, Gareth ^{[1
]}

Gomez, Breogan ^{[1
]}

Fraser-Leonhardt, Vivian ^{[1
]}

Hirschi, Joel J. -M. ^{[5
]}

Lewis, Huw W. ^{[1
]}

Mahmood, Sana ^{[1
,9
]}

Worsfold, Mark ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Met Off, Exeter, England

[2] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, England

[3] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth, England

[4] Exeter Univ, Exeter, England

[5] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, England

[6] Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban, Scotland

[7] Marine Inst, Oranmore, Ireland

[8] Marine Directorate Scottish Govt, Aberdeen, Scotland

[9] Univ Bristol, Bristol, England

来源：

COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT | 2024年 / 5卷 / 01期

基金：

英国自然环境研究理事会;

关键词：

MODEL;

D O I：

10.1038/s43247-024-01413-8

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

The Northwest European shelf experienced unprecedented surface temperature anomalies in June 2023 (anomalies up to 5 degrees C locally, north of Ireland). Here, we show the shelf average underwent its longest recorded category II marine heatwave (16 days). With state-of-the-art observation and modelling capabilities, we show the marine heatwave developed quickly due to strong atmospheric forcing (high level of sunshine, weak winds, tropical air) and weak wave activity under anticyclonic weather regimes. Once formed, this shallow marine heatwave fed back on the weather: over the sea it reduced cloud cover and over land it contributed to breaking June mean temperature records and to enhanced convective rainfall through stronger, warmer and moister sea breezes. This marine heatwave was intensified by the last 20-year warming trend in sea surface temperatures. Such sea surface temperatures are projected to become commonplace by the middle of the century under a high greenhouse gas emission scenario. The June 2023 marine heatwave over the northwest shelf of Europe developed rapidly with weak winds, strong insolation and low wave activity, and led to temperature records in northern Europe, according to an analysis of in situ measurements, satellite data and model simulations.

引用

页数：11

共 45 条

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