Discovery of a variable energy-dependent X-ray polarization in the accreting neutron star GX 5-1

被引：23

作者：

Fabiani, Sergio ^{[1
]}

Capitanio, Fiamma ^{[1
]}

Iaria, Rosario ^{[2
]}

Poutanen, Juri ^{[3
]}

Gnarini, Andrea ^{[4
]}

Ursini, Francesco ^{[4
]}

Farinelli, Ruben ^{[5
]}

Bobrikova, Anna ^{[3
]}

Steiner, James F. ^{[6
]}

Svoboda, Jiri ^{[7
]}

Anitra, Alessio ^{[2
]}

Baglio, Maria C. ^{[8
,9
]}

Carotenuto, Francesco ^{[11
]}

Del Santo, Melania

Ferrigno, Carlo ^{[9
,13
]}

Lewis, Fraser ^{[14
,15
]}

Russell, David M.

Russell, Thomas D. ^{[12
]}

van den Eijnden, Jakob ^{[10
]}

Cocchi, Massimo ^{[16
]}

Di Marco, Alessandro

La Monaca, Fabio ^{[1
]}

Liu, Kuan ^{[1
,17
]}

Rankin, John ^{[1
]}

Weisskopf, Martin C. ^{[18
]}

Xie, Fei ^{[1
,17
]}

Bianchi, Stefano ^{[14
]}

Burderi, Luciano ^{[16
,19
,20
]}

Di Salvo, Tiziana ^{[2
,16
,20
]}

Egron, Elise ^{[16
]}

Illiano, Giulia

Kaaret, Philip ^{[18
]}

Matt, Giorgio

Mikusincova, Romana ^{[4
]}

Muleri, Fabio ^{[1
]}

Papitto, Alessandro ^{[21
]}

Agudo, Ivan ^{[22
]}

Antonelli, Lucio A. ^{[21
,23
]}

Bachetti, Matteo ^{[16
]}

Baldini, Luca ^{[24
,25
]}

Baumgartner, Wayne H. ^{[18
]}

Bellazzini, Ronaldo

Bongiorno, Stephen D.

Bonino, Raffella ^{[26
,27
]}

Brez, Alessandro ^{[24
]}

Bucciantini, Niccolo ^{[28
,29
,30
]}

Castellano, Simone ^{[24
]}

Cavazzuti, Elisabetta ^{[31
]}

Chen, Chien-Ting ^{[32
]}

Ciprini, Stefano ^{[33
]}

机构：

[1] Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali, INAF, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[2] Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Chim & Fis, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy

[3] Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Turku 20014, Finland

[4] Univ Rome Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Via Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy

[5] INAF, Osservatorio Astrofis & Sci Spazio Bologna, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[6] Harvard & Smithsonian, Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[7] Czech Acad Sci, Astron Inst, Bocni 2,1401-1, Prague 141004, Czech Republic

[8] New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Ctr Astro Particle & Planetary Phys, POB 129188, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates

[9] INAF Osservatorio Astronom Brera, Via Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy

[10] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England

[11] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Astrophys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England

[12] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, Via U La Malfa 153, I-90146 Palermo, Italy

[13] Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, Ch dEcogia 16, CH-1290 Geneva, Switzerland

[14] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Faulkes Telescope Project, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales

[15] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England

[16] INAF Osservatorio Astronom Cagliari, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy

[17] Guangxi Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Technol, Guangxi Key Lab Relativist Astrophys, Nanning 530004, PR, Peoples R China

[18] NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA

[19] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, SP Monserrato Sestu,KM 0-7, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy

[20] Cittadella Univ, INFN, Sez Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy

[21] INAF Osservatorio Astronom Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, RM, Italy

[22] CSIC, Inst Astrofisicade Andalucia, Glorieta Astron S-N, Granada 18008, Spain

[23] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data Ctr, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[24] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Largo B Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy

[25] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Largo B Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy

[26] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy

[27] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Largo Enrico Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy

[28] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, Via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy

[29] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[30] Univ Space Res Assoc, Inst Sci & Technol, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA

[31] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Via Ric Scientif 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[32] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[33] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[34] Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Sand 1, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany

[35] RIKEN Cluster Pioneering Res, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 3510198, Japan

[36] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[37] Yamagata Univ, I-4-12 Kojirakawa Machi, Yamagata 9908560, Japan

[38] Osaka Univ, I-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan

[39] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T IZ4, Canada

[40] Chiba Univ, Int Ctr Hadron Astrophys, Chiba 2638522, Japan

[41] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA

[42] St Petersburg State Univ, Dept Astrophys, Univ Pr 28, St Petersburg, Russia

[43] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys & Astron, Durham, NH 03824 USA

[44] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA

[45] Washington Univ St Louis, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA

[46] Washington Univ St Louis, McDonnell Ctr Space Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA

[47] Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO, Turku 20014, Finland

[48] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Str Comunale Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy

[49] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire Astronom Strasbourg, UMR 7550, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

[50] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

来源：

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2024年 / 684卷

基金：

芬兰科学院; 美国国家航空航天局;

关键词：

accretion; accretion disks; stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: general; X-rays: individuals: GX 5-1; BROAD-BAND SPECTRUM; INFRARED COUNTERPART; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; GALACTIC-CENTER; LOW-FREQUENCY; CYGNUS X-2; K-EDGE; EMISSION; BINARIES; ABSORPTION;

D O I：

10.1051/0004-6361/202347374

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We report on the coordinated observations of the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary (NS-LMXB) GX 5-1 in X-rays (IXPE, NICER, NuSTAR, and INTEGRAL), optical (REM and LCO), near-infrared (REM), mid-infrared (VLT VISIR), and radio (ATCA). This Z-source was observed by IXPE twice in March-April 2023 (Obs. 1 and 2). In the radio band the source was detected, but only upper limits to the linear polarization were obtained at a 3 sigma level of 6.1% at 5.5 GHz and 5.9% at 9 GHz in Obs. 1 and 12.5% at 5.5 GHz and 20% at 9 GHz in Obs. 2. The mid-IR, near-IR, and optical observations suggest the presence of a compact jet that peaks in the mid- or far-IR. The X-ray polarization degree was found to be 3.7%+/- 0.4% (at 90% confidence level) during Obs. 1 when the source was in the horizontal branch of the Z-track and 1.8%+/- 0.4% during Obs. 2 when the source was in the normal-flaring branch. These results confirm the variation in polarization degree as a function of the position of the source in the color-color diagram, as for previously observed Z-track sources (Cyg X-2 and XTE 1701-462). Evidence of a variation in the polarization angle of similar to 20(degrees) with energy is found in both observations, likely related to the different, nonorthogonal polarization angles of the disk and Comptonization components, which peak at different energies.

引用

页数：15

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