The emerging development of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots: Synthesis methods, influencing factors and applications

A novel family of zero-dimensional photoluminescent nanoscale materials called carbon dots has a wide range of possible applications and great optical and electrochemical characteristics. A potent and adaptable method that can further enhance the internal or surface structure of carbon dots is nitrogen and sulfur co-doping. In this review, we update the roadmap for nitrogen and sulfur-co-doped carbon dots (N, S-CDs) from various synthesis techniques to determine the factors that influence their brightness. At the same time, the uses of N, S-CDs in nanoprobes, photoelectric devices, biomedicine, food safety detection, environmental quality monitoring, catalysis and information encryption is presented. We anticipate a more in-depth study to uncover the potential of N, S-CDs as well as their future development prospects.