A comprehensive multi-criteria assessment of solar-driven refrigeration systems for fish preservation in Africa based on energy, economic, environmental and social dimensions

This study explores the feasibility of implementing photovoltaic (PV) -powered cold room storage systems for fish preservation across multiple African nations. TRNSYS simulation software was employed to analyse the transient behaviour of cold rooms in 18 African countries, revealing significant regional disparities attributable to varying outdoor climatic conditions. These simulation results allowed the design of appropriate PV systems for powering the cold storage systems. The estimated PV capacities ranged from 1.49 to 3.64 kWp tailored to each city's unique characteristics. System Advisor Model (SAM) was then used to simulate PV systems in the 18 sites. Technical and economic viability is assessed using two key metrics: Levelized Cost of Cold (LCOC) and Discounted Payback Period (DPP). While some cases exhibit favourable energy -related indicators, economic metrics are influenced by factors such as electricity tariffs and inflation. Environmental sustainability is a prominent aspect, with a majority of cases demonstrating significant reductions in CO2 emissions. This system's potential socio-economic impact extends continent -wide. A job creation potential analysis, primarily based on installed PV capacity, reveals variations among countries. In summary, this research underscores the potential of PV -powered cold room systems in African fisheries, shedding light on technical, economic, and environmental dimensions, with implications for sustainable development across the continent.