Reduced Late-Season Irrigation Improves Potato Quality, Often at the Expense of Yield and Economic Return

被引:2
|
作者
Gonzalez, T. Francisco [1 ]
Pavek, Mark J. [2 ]
Knowles, N. Richard [2 ]
Holden, Zachary [2 ]
机构
[1] US Dept Agr Agr Res Serv, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA
[2] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
关键词
Columbia Basin; Russet potatoes; RUSSET BURBANK; USE EFFICIENCY; FRESH-MARKET; WATER-STRESS; LONG RUSSET; GROWTH; CULTIVAR; DEFICIT; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; RESISTANCE;
D O I
10.1007/s12230-024-09948-4
中图分类号
S3 [农学(农艺学)];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
With a rising global population and looming water shortages in the U.S., there is a pressing need for water-efficient farming methods. The water needs of potato plants decrease in the late season due to foliage aging and tuber maturation. Therefore, proper late-season irrigation is vital in preventing water waste and maximizing potato profits. This study assessed the feasibility of reducing late-season irrigation to improve crop water productivity (WPc), tuber quality, and economic return. Field trials were planted near Othello, WA, across three years (2018-20). Treatments included five irrigation levels (ILs), 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, and 120% of modeled evapotranspiration (ET), and five potato cultivars: Alturas, Clearwater Russet, Ranger Russet, Russet Burbank, and Umatilla Russet. Treatments started 100 to 105 days after planting (DAP), approximately 1500 day degrees (at or near peak canopy growth), and ended at vine kill, 150 to 155 DAP. Water from reduced ILs of 40% to 80% ET was more efficiently converted into yield (WPc) for Alturas than higher ILs; however, economic return for all cultivars typically peaked when irrigation was supplied at or above 80% ET. Tuber quality generally improved with a reduction in irrigation level, occasionally at the expense of yield and economic value. Con el aumento de la poblaci & oacute;n mundial y la inminente escasez de agua en los EE. UU., existe una necesidad apremiante de m & eacute;todos agr & iacute;colas eficientes en el uso del agua. Las necesidades de agua de las plantas de papa disminuyen al final del ciclo debido al envejecimiento del follaje y la maduraci & oacute;n de los tub & eacute;rculos. Por lo tanto, el riego adecuado al final del ciclo es vital para evitar el desperdicio de agua y maximizar las ganancias de la papa. Este estudio evalu & oacute; la factibilidad de reducir el riego tard & iacute;o para mejorar la productividad del agua de los cultivos (WPc), la calidad del tub & eacute;rculo y el retorno econ & oacute;mico. Los ensayos de campo se plantaron cerca de Othello, WA, a lo largo de tres a & ntilde;os (2018-20). Los tratamientos incluyeron cinco niveles de riego (IL), 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% y 120% de evapotranspiraci & oacute;n (ET) modelada, y cinco variedades de papa: Alturas, Clearwater Russet, Ranger Russet, Russet Burbank y Umatilla Russet. Los tratamientos comenzaron de 100 a 105 d & iacute;as despu & eacute;s de la siembra (DAP), aproximadamente 1500 grados de d & iacute;a (en o cerca del m & aacute;ximo crecimiento del follaje), y terminaron con la muerte de la parte a & eacute;rea, 150 a 155 DAP. El agua de IL reducidas de 40% a 80% ET se convirti & oacute; de manera m & aacute;s eficiente en rendimiento (WPc) para Alturas que IL m & aacute;s altas; sin embargo, el rendimiento econ & oacute;mico de todas las variedades generalmente alcanzaba su punto m & aacute;ximo cuando el riego se suministraba al 80% o m & aacute;s de ET. La calidad de los tub & eacute;rculos mejor & oacute; en general con una reducci & oacute;n en el nivel de riego, ocasionalmente a expensas del rendimiento y el valor econ & oacute;mico.
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页码:202 / 225
页数:24
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