Anion effect on magnetic and structural properties of green synthesized NiO nanoparticles via Ni.salt precursors in Salvia officinalis extract

Using a green synthesis method, Salvia officinalis extract was used as a reducing and capping agent to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs). In addition, NiO NPs were synthesized using various precursors, and their morphologies were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The structures of NiO NPs were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Their magnetic properties were measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer. PXRD studies showed that all synthesized NiO NPs exhibited a face-centered cubic phase with high crystallinity, and NiO formations with a high-purity phase were confirmed. As a result of magnetization studies, NiO NPs synthesized from three nickel salt precursors (acetate, chloride, and sulfate) exhibit superparamagnetic, soft ferromagnetic, and paramagnetic behaviors, respectively.