Post-damage recovery of substandard RC columns by CFRPs

Cyclic response of substandard reinforced concrete (RC) columns and structural repair of pre -damaged columns by carbon -fiber -reinforced polymers (CFRPs) were investigated through combination of experimental and advanced numerical modeling methods. The specimens, representing typical RC columns in substandard buildings, were constructed from low -strength concrete, plain round bars, and nonconforming reinforcement details. The key parameters under investigation included the lap -splice, hook detail in the longitudinal reinforcement, and axial load ratio. First, the RC columns were subjected to cyclic loading until the attainment of their heavy damage state. The failure mode was dominated by the flexural response alongside significant reinforcement slip and axial damage, involving concrete crushing and reinforcement buckling. Subsequently, the severe cracks and concrete damage were repaired by the externally wrapped CFRP sheets. The former loadcarrying capacities of the repaired RC columns were recovered. The damage formation in the concrete and reinforcement was transferred to CFRP sheets. The final failure mode was characterized by local deformations in the CFRP, with minimal damage observed in the concrete and reinforcement bars. Furthermore, the numerical solution effectively reproduced the nonlinear behavior of the as -built specimens. The crack patterns and capacities observed in the numerical solutions align with the responses observed in the experimental tests.