Multi-objective based balanced optimization method of heat extraction performance of hot dry rock

Geothermal energy, a kind of clean and environmentally friendly energy source, is an important object of future natural resource development and utilization, among which, hot dry rock is one of the important deep geothermal resources. In the current multi-objective optimization of heat extraction performance, reservoir production models are less considered and the effects of different optimization ideas are not compared comprehensively. To improve the heat extraction efficiency and prolong the exploitation life of geothermal reservoirs, the appropriate operating parameters of geothermal system (injection temperature, injection rate, production pressure, and injection-production well spacing) were considered based on the coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical model of hot dry rock exploitation in the Gonghe area of Qinghai and three heat extraction optimization methods. The heat extraction performance of different schemes were compared. The sensitivity analysis of injection and production parameters showed that power generation and recovery factor are in a reverse relation with injection-production pressure difference, which is the direct reason for the adoption of multi-objective optimization. The optimization scheme prepared based on parametric study indicated that the shortest life of a geothermal reservoir is 10 years, the injection-production pressure difference is up to 67 MPa, there is a significant thermal breakthrough phenomenon and the reservoir safety faces challenges. By virtue of multi-objective optimization and decision making integration, the optimal operation parameter combination of hot dry rock system is determined, the life of geothermal reservoirs could exceed 20 years and balanced optimization is achieved.