In Vitro Effect of PEG and Proline on Callus Growth and Minerals Values in Basmati Rice (Oryza sativa)

Purpose: Drought is a universal issue that disturbs photosynthetic system, adversely affecting quality and crop yield. The study was conducted to determine the response of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a stressing agent alone or in combination with proline on four fine rice genotypes for callus components as well as biochemical parameters like Chromium (Cr), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Phosphorus (P). Research Method: Callus was induced on media having 4.43g/L MS + 4mg/L 2, 4-D (2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) + 30g/L sucrose + 1.76g/L phytagel with different levels of PEG "1.25g/L and 2.5g/L" with and without 1ml/L proline. Findings: Callus was used for different analyses after 30 days and results showed that PEG treatments have a negative effect on callus fresh weight, callus dry weight, days to callus induction, callus percentage, and mineral nutrients like K, Cr, Mg, Mn, Fe, P. PEG 2.5g/L showed a greater decrease as compared to PEG 1.25g/L. Proline significantly raises callus growth alone or in combination with PEG but less than control whereas callus dry weight, K, and Ca contents increased more than control when proline applied alone or with PEG combination. Originality/value: Exogenous proline application improves callus growth rate as well as macro -micro elements by mitigating the effect of PEG.