Design and analysis of efficient refractive index Biosensor for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Early identification of Mycobacterium strains that cause TB (Tuberculosis) is crucial in preventing tuberculosis illness. Conventional medical diagnostics, such as PPD (tuberculin skin tests) tests and antibody-assisted tests, have low sensitivity, extensive processing times, and complex post-test procedures. These problems minimize its potential and drive innovation in tuberculosis diagnosis. Biosensors have simplified the identification of illnesses by reducing the time between sample and results. This paper proposes a circular ring-shaped refractive index sensor for the identification of the four different types of mycobacterium tuberculosis cells. This sensor has achieved the highest sensitivity of 1500 nm/RIU for all four types of tb cells by analyzing the different parameters like substrate height, resonator height, radius of the circle, length of the substrate, and width of the circle resonator. It covers the wavelength range of 2000 nm to 2050 nm. The highest value of the quality factor has been observed is 40,280 for TBC2 (Tuberculosis cell 2, specific type of tuberculosis) and the highest value of the figure of merit has been observed is 30,000 for TBC2 compared to normal cells. The best response for the DL (Detection limit) has been observed at 0.000005 for TBC2.