Laparoscopic and hysteroscopic discovery of intrauterine fallopian tube incarceration after dilatation and curettage: a case report and review of the literature

Background: Uterine perforation is a complication of dilation and curettage (D&C), and intrauterine fallopian tube incarceration can occasionally occur after uterine perforation. Only 20 cases of intrauterine fallopian tube incarceration have been reported since 1978. Almost all of them had obvious symptoms. We here report a case without obvious symptoms and found the diagnosis of intrauterine fallopian tube incarceration accidentally. Case Description: We report the case of a 32-year-old woman with intrauterine fallopian tube incarceration. The patient complained of slight lower left abdominal pain occasionally after a D&C. Gynecologic examination revealed a left adnexal cystic mass approximately 4 cm in size, mobile, wellbounded with tenderness. Transvaginal ultrasound showed a left cystic ovarian mass and an intrauterine mass. Blood analyses were all negative. With the diagnosis of an ovarian mass and intrauterine mass, laparoscopy and hysteroscopy were performed. Intrauterine fallopian tube incarceration was found accidentally and a salpingectomy was performed. After operation, the patient's pain resolved completely. The patient showed no signs of relapse of endometriosis and abdominal pain, till January 2022. Conclusions: As the symptoms and the accessory examinations are not typical, care should be taken when performing intrauterine procedures in order to avoid uterine perforation. Differential diagnosis of polyps and the incarceration of tissue should be considered when polypoid lesions in the uterus are present.