Research on Power Control Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Ant Colony Optimization

Improving node energy consumption efficiency to increase network survival time is one of the main research priorities in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This work addresses issues with the current ant colony routing algorithm, including uneven node energy, higher communication cost, and routing loop creation. An improved EEABR algorithm (N-EABR, New Energy-efficient ant based routing) is proposed, based on the existing Energy-efficient ant based routing (EEABR) algorithm. This algorithm adds the combination of "pkt_src" (ant packet source address) and "sq_num" (ant packet sequence number) in the node neighbours list and redefines the pheromone updating equation. By sending brief ant packets, this approach efficiently reduces the loop effect and ensures that node energy is distributed evenly throughout the network.The power control based ant colony routing (PCABR)algorithm, which extracts the RSSI value of "Hello" packets to derive the optimal sending power, to conserve the sending energy, and to avoid energy wastage, is further introduced in this paper in order to reduce the energy consumption of nodes when sending packets. The findings of the simulation demonstrate that the N-EEABR and PCABR algorithms both significantly outperform the other methods in terms of path optimisation accuracy and node energy use efficiency and network energy balance. This study is important because it will increase node energy consumption efficiency and network survival time. It also offers helpful suggestions for optimizing routing algorithms for wireless sensor networks.