Fault Location and Section Identification Algorithm on Multi-Terminal Transmission Lines Using DWT

The location of a fault on a multi-terminal transmission line is necessary for restoring the network as quickly as possible to maintain reliable power supply. Phasors-based fault locators are well-established approaches in conventional algorithms and face complexity in locating faults at far-end cases and between tapped points. Due to non-availability of information between tapped points, the reliability of fault locator schemes may provide erroneous computations. This paper concentrates on developing a reliable approach to obtain accurate fault locations and identifies the exact faults that occur in terminal line or between the tapped points on multi-terminal transmission lines using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Due to its reduced computing overhead and elimination of the expeditious Fourier transform’s disadvantages, the DWT is well suited for practical use (FFT). The arrival periods of the succeeding peak waves produced by the fault are determined using the travelling wave theory, and these findings are subsequently employed to accurately determine the fault location. The technique performance is elucidated using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment by considering standard transmission lines of four terminals, five terminals and six terminals, respectively. The numerical results produced under various fault situations by different fault types, fault resistance and fault initiation angles to confirm the efficacy of the proposed method. The method performance is also validated on renewable integrated transmission network and results showcase the proposed method is immune to any configuration of a power system. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024.