Adult Neurogenesis of Teleost Fish Determines High Neuronal Plasticity and Regeneration

被引:3
作者
Pushchina, Evgeniya Vladislavovna [1 ]
Kapustyanov, Ilya Alexandovich [1 ]
Kluka, Gleb Gennadievich [1 ]
机构
[1] Russian Acad Sci, AV Zhirmunsky Natl Sci Ctr Marine Biol, Far East Branch, Vladivostok 690041, Russia
关键词
adult neurogenesis; traumatic brain injury; glutamine synthetase; neuroepithelial cells; neural stem progenitor cells; radial glia; cystathionine beta-synthase; Pacific salmon; adult neural stem cells; NEURAL STEM-CELLS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; JUVENILE CHUM SALMON; RADIAL GLIA; HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS; BRAIN-INJURY; OPTIC-NERVE; SPINAL-CORD; SUBVENTRICULAR ZONE; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE;
D O I
10.3390/ijms25073658
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Studying the properties of neural stem progenitor cells (NSPCs) in a fish model will provide new information about the organization of neurogenic niches containing embryonic and adult neural stem cells, reflecting their development, origin cell lines and proliferative dynamics. Currently, the molecular signatures of these populations in homeostasis and repair in the vertebrate forebrain are being intensively studied. Outside the telencephalon, the regenerative plasticity of NSPCs and their biological significance have not yet been practically studied. The impressive capacity of juvenile salmon to regenerate brain suggests that most NSPCs are likely multipotent, as they are capable of replacing virtually all cell lineages lost during injury, including neuroepithelial cells, radial glia, oligodendrocytes, and neurons. However, the unique regenerative profile of individual cell phenotypes in the diverse niches of brain stem cells remains unclear. Various types of neuronal precursors, as previously shown, are contained in sufficient numbers in different parts of the brain in juvenile Pacific salmon. This review article aims to provide an update on NSPCs in the brain of common models of zebrafish and other fish species, including Pacific salmon, and the involvement of these cells in homeostatic brain growth as well as reparative processes during the postraumatic period. Additionally, new data are presented on the participation of astrocytic glia in the functioning of neural circuits and animal behavior. Thus, from a molecular aspect, zebrafish radial glia cells are seen to be similar to mammalian astrocytes, and can therefore also be referred to as astroglia. However, a question exists as to if zebrafish astroglia cells interact functionally with neurons, in a similar way to their mammalian counterparts. Future studies of this fish will complement those on rodents and provide important information about the cellular and physiological processes underlying astroglial function that modulate neural activity and behavior in animals.
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