DMT1 ubiquitination by Nedd4 protects against ferroptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage

ObjectiveNeuronal precursor cells expressed developmentally down-regulated 4 (Nedd4) are believed to play a critical role in promoting the degradation of substrate proteins and are involved in numerous biological processes. However, the role of Nedd4 in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the regulatory role of Nedd4 in the ICH model.MethodsMale C57BL/6J mice were induced with ICH. Subsequently, the levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, iron content, mitochondrial morphology, as well as the expression of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and Nedd4 were assessed after ICH. Furthermore, the impact of Nedd4 overexpression was evaluated through analyses of hematoma area, ferroptosis, and neurobehavioral function. The mechanism underlying Nedd4-mediated degradation of DMT1 was elecidated using immunoprecipitation (IP) after ICH.ResultsUpon ICH, the level of DMT1 in the brain increased, but decreased when Nedd4 was overexpressed using Lentivirus, suggesting a negative correlation between Nedd4 and DMT1. Additionally, the degradation of DMT1 was inhibited after ICH. Furthermore, it was found that Nedd4 can interact with and ubiquitinate DMT1 at lysine residues 6, 69, and 277, facilitating the degradation of DMT1. Functional analysis indicated that overexpression of Nedd4 can alleviate ferroptosis and promote recovery following ICH.ConclusionThe results demonstrated that ferroptosis occurs via the Nedd4/DMT1 pathway during ICH, suggesting it potential as a valuable target to inhibit ferroptosis for the treatment of ICH. Upon ICH, the brain's DMT1 increased but decreased with Lentivirus-induced Nedd4 overexpression, implying a negative correlation. Nedd4 interacted with DMT1 at lysine residues 6, 69, and 277, resulting in ubiquitination and degradation of DMT1. Nedd4 overexpression relieved ferroptosis and aided ICH recovery, as indicated by functional analysis.image