Peripheral neuropathy and associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients attending referral hospitals in the Amhara region, a multi-center cross-sectional study in Ethiopia

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the diabetes most common microvascular complications. It is very prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa due to a combination of causes, including rising diabetes prevalence, limited healthcare resources, and a lack of access to competent medical care. However, just a few studies have been undertaken in the study area. Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Amhara region referral hospitals, in 2022. By using a systematic random sampling technique, a total of 627 respondents were included. The data was entered into EPI Data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 for further analysis. A binary logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between the dependent and predictor variables. The association between predictor variables and the dependent variable was determined using multivariate logistic regression [p value < 0.05, 95% confidence interval]. The overall prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy among the study participants was 48.2% (95% CI; 44.2, 52.1). Aged between 40 and 60 years (AOR = 4:27; 95% CI 2.62, 6.94), and 60 years and older (AOR = 4:47; 95% CI 2.40, 8.35), participants who have lived alone (AOR = 2:14; 95% CI 1.21, 3.79), patients with comorbidity (AOR = 1:83; 95% CI 1.22, 2.76), and being physically inactive (AOR = 1:69; 95% CI 1.14, 2.49) were significantly associated with Diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy was high among diabetic patients. Healthcare providers should prioritize regular screening and early intervention for individuals at higher risk, particularly those aged 40 and above, those living alone, patients with comorbid conditions, and those who are physically inactive. Implementing community-based support programs, encouraging physical activity, and providing comprehensive management plans for diabetes and associated comorbidities can help mitigate the risk and improve the quality of life for these patients.