Impacts of ethanol blended fuels and cold temperature on VOC emissions from gasoline vehicles in China

被引:4
作者
Cao, Yihuan [1 ,2 ]
Zhao, Haiguang [3 ,4 ]
Zhang, Shaojun [1 ,2 ]
Wu, Xian [3 ,4 ]
Anderson, James E. [5 ]
Shen, Wei [5 ]
Wallington, Timothy J. [6 ]
Wu, Ye [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Cont, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China
[2] State Environm Protect Key Lab Sources & Control A, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China
[3] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Environm Protect Key Lab Vehicle Emiss Contr, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China
[4] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, Vehicle Emiss Control Ctr, Minist Ecol & Environm, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China
[5] Ford Motor Co, Res & Adv Engn, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA
[6] Univ Michigan, Ctr Sustainable Syst, Sch Environm & Sustainabil, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
基金
中国博士后科学基金; 中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
VOC emission; Ethanol blended fuels; Cold temperature; OFP; SOAFP; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; SPARK-IGNITION ENGINE; DIRECT-INJECTION; AEROSOL FORMATION; HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; PARTICLE EMISSIONS; EXHAUST EMISSIONS; OZONE; TECHNOLOGY;
D O I
10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123869
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The Chinese central government has initiated pilot projects to promote the adoption of gasoline containing 10%v ethanol (E10). Vehicle emissions using ethanol blended fuels require investigation to estimate the environmental impacts of the initiative. Five fuel formulations were created using two blending methods (splash blending and match blending) to evaluate the impacts of formulations on speciated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from exhaust emissions. Seven in -use vehicles covering China 4 to China 6 emission standards were recruited. Vehicle tests were conducted using the Worldwide Harmonized Test Cycle (WLTC) in a temperature -controlled chamber at 23 degrees C and -7 degrees C. Splash blended E10 fuels led to significant reductions in VOC emissions by 12% -75%. E10 fuels had a better performance of reducing VOC emissions in older model vehicles than in newer model vehicles. These results suggested that E10 fuel could be an option to mitigate the VOC emissions. Although replacing methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) with ethanol in regular gasoline had no significant effects on VOC emissions, the replacement led to lower aromatic emissions by 40% -60%. Alkanes and aromatics dominated approximately 90% of VOC emissions for all vehicle -fuel combinations. Cold temperature increased VOC emissions significantly, by 3 -26 folds for all vehicle/fuel combinations at -7 degrees C. Aromatic emissions were increased by cold temperature, from 2 to 26 mg/km at 23 degrees C to 33 -238 mg/km at -7 degrees C. OVOC emissions were not significantly affected by E10 fuel or cold temperature. The ozone formation potential (OFP) and secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAFP) of splash blended E10 fuels decreased by up to 76% and 81%, respectively, compared with those of E0 fuels. The results are useful to update VOC emission profiles of Chinese vehicles using ethanol blended gasoline and under low -temperature conditions.
引用
收藏
页数:10
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