Graphic, Quantitation, Visualization, Standardization, Digitization, and Intelligence of Electrolyte and Electrolyte-Electrode Interface

Electrolytes have recently regained significant attention in rechargeable batteries due to the discovery that the electrolyte microstructures play a determinant role in battery performance. By adjusting the compositions of electrolytes to cater to various functionalities, such as high-voltage, fast-charging, wide-temperature operation, and non-flammable features, a diverse range of batteries can be developed to adapt to different environmental working conditions. Nevertheless, elucidating the electrolyte microstructures and understanding the associated electrode interfacial behaviors remain challenging. These challenges arise from the interdisciplinary nature of the research, encompassing subjects such as solution chemistry, interface chemistry, electrochemistry, and organic chemistry. This topic holds particular significance because solution chemistry and solution-solid interface chemistry are ubiquitous in daily lives, yet their behaviors remain unclear due to their inherent complexity, dynamic nature, and rapid variability. In this context, electrolyte and electrolyte-electrode interface research are used as an illustrative example and summarize their progress from six key perspectives of graphic, quantitation, visualization, standardization, digitization, and intelligence. It is aimed to provide a multi-faceted understanding of electrolyte microstructures and their behaviors on the electrode interface. This comprehensive approach enables the effective design of electrolytes and enhances the accuracy of predicting battery performance, servicing the development of solution and solution-solid interface. A comprehensive review of the electrolyte and electrolyte-electrode interface research is summarized from six aspects of graphic, quantitation, visualization, standardization, digitization, and intelligence. This review aimed to have multiple view-angles to understand electrolyte microstructures and their behaviors on electrode interface, in turn designing electrolytes and predicting battery performance effectively, and also servicing the development of the solution and solution-solid interface. image