A Nested Orbicular Shaped Textile Antenna with Centered Hexagonal Slot, DGS and Enhanced Bandwidth for ISM, Wi-Fi, WLAN & Bluetooth Applications

This research presents a novel design for a textile antenna with a nested orbicular shape, featuring a centered hexagonal slot and a depleted ground structure (DGS). The proposed antenna is specifically tailored to cater to the demanding requirements of Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) bands, as well as applications in Wi-Fi, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), and Bluetooth technologies. The nested orbicular configuration is chosen for its compactness and geometric versatility, allowing for efficient integration into wearable and textile-based communication systems. The incorporation of a centered hexagonal slot within the antenna structure serves to enhance bandwidth and improve overall performance. This slot is strategically positioned to influence the electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna, resulting in increased bandwidth and improved impedance matching across multiple frequency bands. Additionally, the depleted ground structure further contributes to enhanced performance by reducing unwanted radiation and minimizing the impact of surrounding environmental factors on the antenna's efficiency. The proposed antenna design is characterized and analyzed using advanced simulation tools and measurement techniques to validate its performance across the target frequency bands. The textile nature of the antenna ensures flexibility and comfort, making it an ideal candidate for integration into wearable devices for seamless connectivity in diverse communication scenarios. The proposed antenna has impedance bandwidth of 70.7% covering the band from 1.495 to 3.13 GHz. The proposed antenna has maximum gain of 3.25 dB.