Advances in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Sandra E. Black Lecture to the Canadian Neurological Sciences Federation

被引:1
作者
Smith, Eric E. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calgary, Dept Clin Neurosci Radiol & Community Hlth Sci, Calgary, AB, Canada
基金
加拿大健康研究院;
关键词
cerebrovascular disease; dementia; vascular dementia; AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY; CEREBROVASCULAR REACTIVITY; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; BRAIN INFARCTS; RISK-FACTORS; MRI; STROKE; PREVENTION;
D O I
10.1017/cjn.2024.26
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVDs) are among the most common age-related pathologies of the brain. Arteriolosclerosis and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) are the most common CSVDs. In addition to causing stroke and dementia, CSVDs can have diverse covert radiological manifestations on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging including lacunes, T2-weighted white matter hyperintensities, increased density of visible perivascular spaces, microbleeds and cortical superficial siderosis. Because they cannot be visualized directly, research on the pathophysiology of CSVD has been difficult. However, advances in quantitative imaging methods, including physiological imaging such as measurement of cerebrovascular reactivity and increased vascular permeability, are beginning to allow investigation of the early effects of CSVD in living people. Furthermore, genomics, metabolomics and proteomics have the potential to illuminate previously unrecognized pathways to CSVD that could be important targets for new clinical trials. Avancees de la science en lien avec les maladies des petits vaisseaux cerebraux : un cours de Sandra E. Black destine a la Federation des sciences neurologiques du Canada.Les maladies des petits vaisseaux cerebraux (MPVC) font partie des pathologies cerebrales liees a l'age les plus courantes. A cet egard, l'arteriosclerose et l'angiopathie amyloide cerebrale (AAC) sont les MPVC les plus courantes. En plus de provoquer des AVC et la demence, les MPVC peuvent sous-tendre diverses manifestations radiologiques cachees dans le cadre d'examens de tomodensitometrie et d'IRM, notamment des lacunes, des hyper-intensites de la substance blanche en ponderation T2, une densite accrue des espaces perivasculaires visibles, des micro-saignements ainsi qu'une siderose corticale superficielle. Parce que ces manifestations ne peuvent pas etre visualisees directement, la recherche sur la physiopathologie des MPVC s'est averee difficile. Cela dit, les progres des methodes d'imagerie quantitative, y compris l'imagerie physiologique grace a laquelle on peut mesurer la reactivite vasculaire cerebrale et l'augmentation de la permeabilite vasculaire, permettent desormais d'etudier les effets precoces des MPVC chez des personnes vivantes. En outre, la genomique, la metabolomique et la proteomique ont le potentiel de mettre en lumiere les mecanismes des MPVC precedemment meconnus, lesquels pourraient constituer des cibles d'importance lors de nouveaux essais cliniques.
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页码:1 / 8
页数:8
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