Association between rare earth elements and depression: Evidence from pilot mice model of chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression and human studies of major depressive disorder

被引：3
作者：
Cao B. [1 ]
Wang R. [1 ]
Kwan A.T.H. [2 ,3 ]
McIntyre R.S. [2 ,4 ,5 ]
Yan L. [6 ,7 ]
机构：
[1] Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing
[2] Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON
[3] Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
[4] Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
[5] Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
[6] Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing
[7] Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing
来源：
Chemosphere | 2023年 / 345卷
基金：
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词：
Depression; Diet; Etiology; Lithium; Major depressive disorder (MDD); Minerals; Nutrition; Pathophysiology;
D O I：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140525
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
The etiology of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) has been associated with levels of trace elements in the human body. The source of trace elements in the human body may be rare earth elements (REEs). Our study aimed to identify the potential relationship between t REEs in blood and brain samples and depression from two paths: animal experiments and population studies. In the animal experiments, 35 adult Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly allocated to the control group (n = 14) and treatment group (n = 21), which received the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) procedure for four weeks and further categorized into the sensitive group (n = 9) and resilient group (n = 12) by sucrose water preference test. Then, all rats were executed to obtain serum and brain tissue samples. We also recruited 197 participants and divided them into the major depressive disorder (MDD) group (n = 100) and the control group (n = 97) then serum samples were collected for REEs detection. Our finding reported that significant differences were found in the levels of La and Ce in blood samples from different groups in the CUMS rat model (sensitive group < resilient group < control group) (all p < 0.05), with similar patterns for other elements (Pr, Nd, and Y) (but p > 0.5). No significant inter-group difference was reported in rat brain tissue samples. After adjusting for demographic variables, we found that the concentrations of all five REEs (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Y) were lower in depression group than in control group (all p < 0.01). The current conjoint animal and human data supported appropriate levels of REEs have a certain protective effect on body health. These results may be attributed to Hormesis effects. Whether the possible favorable effects of REEs on improving symptoms of depression or can be applied to drug development remains to be further investigated. © 2023
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