Synergetic improvement in energy storage performance and dielectric stability in lead-free 0.75BaTi0.85Zr0.15O3-0.25Sr0.7La0.2TiO3 relaxor ceramic

In recent years, the demand for energy storage devices has increased due to environmental concerns caused by the excessive use of non-renewable energy sources like coal or petroleum. Capacitors are widely used for energy storage, particularly for electrical energy. This research demonstrates the ultra-high energy storage performance of lead-free 0.75BaTi(0.85)Zr(0.15)O(3)-0.25Sr(0.7)La(0.2)TiO(3) (BTZ-SLT) ceramics, achieved through microstructure tailoring and polar ordering. The aim of this investigation was to create an energy storage material by enhancing the charge transport characteristic and charge storage properties among the dielectric BTZ and relaxor ferroelectric SLT phase. At a field of 392 kV/cm, the ceramics achieved recoverable energy densities of 7.02 J/cm(3) and high energy efficiency of 88.9%. Enhanced energy storage can be ascribed to microstructure modification and a complex grain matrix. The enhancement of dielectric breakdown strength in materials is attributed to the presence of various structural features, encompassing grain boundaries, as well as nanocluster and nanomosaic configurations. These grain boundaries serve as effective barriers, mitigating polar ordering and thus improving the dielectric breakdown strength. Current work presents an efficient approach to utilizing binary BTZ-SLT ceramics for electrical energy storage and provides valuable insight into the underlying mechanisms responsible for the observed energy storage characteristics.