Development and research directions in ship recycling: A systematic literature review with bibliometric analysis

Ship recycling has gained significant importance in recent years due to the growing awareness of environmental concerns and the need for sustainable practices within the maritime industry. As vessels reach the end of their operational life, proper recycling methods are crucial to mitigate environmental impacts and promote resource conservation. With an increasing number of ships being decommissioned annually, there has been a growing interest and emphasis on developing efficient and eco-friendly ship recycling practices worldwide. This article presents a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis of 228 studies on ship recycling indexed in Scopus. Employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodology for its robustness in comprehensive literature analysis, this review uncovers key insights into prominent countries, authors, journals, collaborations, topics, and historical trends in ship recycling research, thereby extending the scope of previous reviews. Notably, major contributions from Turkey, India, Bangladesh, the USA, and China focus on environmental impact studies, reflecting urgent global sustainability concerns. The review discusses commonly adopted methodologies such as Life Cycle Assessment and Elemental Analysis, shedding light on their application in this field. Through thematic analysis across 8 categories, future research pathways are identified, highlighting crucial areas such as continuous environmental monitoring, innovative renewable energy extraction from end-of-life vessels, and the need for human factors in ship recycling. This comprehensive synthesis of existing knowledge and identification of emergent research needs and opportunities serve as a foundational resource for impactful future research and informed policymaking, particularly in aligning with global environmental and sustainability goals. Researchers, policymakers and other stakeholders in maritime safety and environmental sustainability may find the knowledge gained from this systematic literature review insightful.