Core-shell structured Ag-HAp@Bi 2 S 3 as effective S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst: Induced with internal polarization electric field effect and co-catalyst fashions

Considering the utilization of solar energy, the low efficiency of photocatalytic reactions is a crucial factor to take into account. One effective solution to this issue is the heterojunction method, deemed as an efficient approach for enhancing photocatalyst performance via optimal sunlight utilization. In this study, a HAp@Bi 2 S 3 core-shell structure was synthesized using a simple microemulsion method, and subsequently, Ag nanoparticles were systematically anchored onto its surface. The Ag-HAp@Bi 2 S 3 nanocomposite was utilized to concurrently achieve the photocatalytic degradation of Bis-phenol A (BPA) and the reduction of Cr 6 + ions. The findings indicate that the heterojunction S-scheme and co-catalyst Ag have a significant role in charge separation and accelerating the photocatalytic reaction. Moreover, the presence of HAp as a polarizing substrate in this composite can create an internal polarized electric field, in addition to the electric field generated by the S-scheme heterojunction. This proposed nanocomposite exhibits potential in addressing the challenge of achieving rapid and simultaneous pollutant degradation.