Video head impulse test (vHIT) versus videonystagmography (VNG) in migraine with dizziness

Background Migraine disease is a chronic headache disorder characterized by recurrent attacks. Migraine and vestibular disorders are common associations. The exact pathophysiology is still unknown. Objectives To study the results of vHIT and VNG in dizzy migraineurs. Methods This is a case-control study that included 140 subjects 70 of them were migraine patients with vestibular symptoms, while the other 70 were a control group of healthy subjects matched in age. A full history with pure tone audiometry and tympanogram for hearing evaluation was done for both groups then videonystagmography and the video head impulse tests were done. Results The vHIT results showed that there were no significant differences among control and study groups regarding the VOR gain and gain asymmetry with no corrective saccades recorded in patients or control groups that denote the VOR is intact. The VNG test revealed in OPK and saccade tests that there was a significant difference between the control and the study groups. A positive weak correlation between vHIT and caloric test results in the left lateral and posterior canal gain in the study group. Conclusion The migraine disease with vestibular symptoms does not affect the VOR gain in vHIT and affects the oculomotor tests in VNG.