Ultrasensitive wireless quartz crystal microbalance bio/gas sensors

A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor can detect various physical and chemical properties, including biomolecules, gases, external forces, and so on, through changes in its resonance frequency. Because of the extremely high temperature stability of the resonance frequency, no thermostatic device is required, making the entire system compact. The sensitivity is governed by the thinness of the quartz resonator, and a wireless-electrodeless approach has achieved much thinner resonators. This review introduces recent advances in wireless-electrodeless QCM sensors for studying real-time biomolecules and target-gas detection.