How work-family conflict affects employees' well-being in Chinese hotels: the moderating effects of Spouses' work-family conflict and gender

Drawing on the spillover-crossover model and gender role theory, this study aims to uncover the antecedents of employees' well-being by investigating a three-way interaction between employees' work-family conflict (WFC), spousal WFC (SWFC), and employee gender. Paired samples of 239 hotel employees and their spouses in China were recruited as study respondents. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to test the hypotheses. Findings showed that WFC had a significant negative correlation with employees' well-being. In addition, SWFC significantly moderated the relationship between WFC and employees' well-being. The interaction between WFC and gender did not display a significant effect. The triple interaction of WFC, gender, and SWFC significantly influenced employees' well-being. This study incorporates familial factors (i.e., SWFC) and individual factors (i.e., gender) into a single framework to examine the joint effects of multiple boundary conditions. This work expands exploration of the boundary conditions of WFC in predicting employees' well-being. Findings also enrich the understanding of gender differences at the family and individual levels.