Numerical investigation of non-Newtonian nano fluid flow in spiral ducts with different cross sections

Spiral tube heat exchangers represent a conventional type of exchanger that finds use in industries such as food, chemical reactors, ventilation, and heat recovery systems. The compact structure, high mass, and heat transfer coefficient of spiral tubes have made them popular in many industries as heat exchangers. This article delves into the investigation of the flow of non-Newtonian Nano fluid CuO-CMC within pipes that possess different crosssections. In order to analyze the heat transfer of the non-Newtonian Nano fluid flow in the spiral channel, both the single-phase model and the ANSYS Fluent commercial software were employed for simulation. In the realm of numerical simulation, investigation has been conducted on the flow of non-Newtonian water-copper oxide Nano fluid through spiral tubes having three distinct cross-sections, namely circular, square, and oval. The study aimed to delve into the effects of varying volume fractions of nanoparticles, inlet velocities, and crosssectional areas on several parameters, including but not limited to average Nusselt number, local Nusselt number, vorticity, bulk temperature, transferred heat, average friction coefficient, and local friction coefficient. Elevating Re has a greater impact on Nu than adding nanoparticles. Even with 4% nanoparticles, Nu is lower than pure water with Re of 5000. Incorporating nanoparticles enhances fluid's thermal characteristics but disrupts flow.