Enhancing DC microgrid performance with fuzzy logic control for hybrid energy storage system

Improving direct current microgrid (DC-MG) performance is achieved through the implementation in conjunction with a hybrid energy storage system (HESS).The microgrid's operation is optimized by fuzzy logic, which boosts stability and efficiency. By combining many storage technologies, the hybrid energy storage system offers dependable and adaptable energy solutions. The performance of DC microgrids is improved by this combination strategy. In this paper, we proposed the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and ant colony optimization (ACO) in DC-MG to enhance the performance. The interfaces between the PV, PEMFC, and battery with DC-MG are demonstrated in this research. The approach integrates an achievable phasor alternative from modern power systems. As a result, we evaluate the performance of FLC, ACO, and HESS-DC-MG based on the three layers such as SLGF, DLGF, and TLGF. In SLGF, FLC in the HESS-MG achieved a 98% injection value, surpassing the 97% obtained with ACO. Without HESS-DC-MG, the voltage sag reduction was limited to 75%. In DLGF, FLC in HESS-MG yielded a 97% injection value, while ACO resulted in 95%. Without HESS-DC-MG, the voltage sag reduction was 70%. In TLGF, FLC achieved a 96% injection value, compared to 94% with ACO. The absence of HESS-DC-MG led to a voltage sag reduction of 69%. Overall, HESS-DC-MG technology proves effective in eliminating voltage sag across different scenarios. When comparing these three models, the FLC, ACO, and HESS-DC-MG exhibit superior performance in SLGFS.