Switching and control mechanism between p-type and n-type in SnO2 nanorods using laser with added convex lens to control oxygen concentrations

In a significant advancement, a novel technology has been developed to precisely control the electronic sensitization of SnO2 nanorods. This control is accomplished in a matter of seconds through the external injection of energy via laser and convex lens pairs (LCP). Utilizing LCP, selective redox reactions can be induced on the surface of SnO2 nanorods. The study focused on the contrasting effects of NO2, an oxidizing gas, and H2, a reducing gas. In the presence of NO2, the electronic sensitization caused by LCP outweighs the chemical sensitization due to NO2, thereby resulting in both n-type and p-type behaviors. In contrast, when exposed to H2, the nanorods exhibit only n-type behavior, as the chemical sensitization effect of H2 is more significant than the electronic sensitization effect of LCP. The observed variations in electronic properties can be systematically accounted for by the differential bonding energies between oxidizing and reducing gases.